The Silver Bowl: Bradfords of Co. Louth

Margaret BRADFORD [1] was a feisty red head who threw a fistful of family land deeds into the fire. She was trying to stop to her husband, David JACKSON, from paying out more and more money in a vain attempt to win back all the lands that his father had gambled away. These were lands in County Carlow that had been granted to some long-dead JACKSON ancestor in Elizabethan times [2] and they were clearly dear to his sense of self, if not also key to the financial well-being of their young family. A particularly galling part of this story is that apparently, the deeds that Margaret burnt turned out to be only half the deeds –but they were the only ones that they knew about. One month later, a man from Cork showed up with the other half of the deeds. I haven’t a clue who he was, but together, they might have won the case.[3]

On the plus side though, I do want to thank Margaret BRADFORD and her family for the property of Urker coming into the JACKSON family at the time of her marriage (or so it is told). It is a property that leant some semblance of stability for the JACKSONs for well over a hundred years. Prior to living at Urker, the JACKSONs had lived at the neighbouring townland of Liscalgot where our earliest known ancestor, George JACKSON (1718-1782), had been appointed the master of a Charter School. This particular employment must have been quite a step down for him, a man whose roots were those of a landed family in County Carlow.

I am still trying to confirm many of the stories and dates of Sir Thomas JACKSON’s Co. Louth ancestors, and much more work still needs to be done. This piece will look only at the BRADFORDs of Co. Louth – and obviously only the ones I know about. In a few weeks, I plan to assemble my current research on the COULTERs. It is probable that both “our” BRADFORDs and COULTERs also had several Co. Monaghan and Co. Armagh connections, but the links to them still need to be verified and hence will be treated in a separate piece when I know more.

The interconnections of the various BRADFORD families resident in Co. Louth in the late 1700s and early 1800s (or at least leasing land there) are both complex and perplexing. Part of what I have been trying to do is to track land ownership [4] which often changed as a result of either a death or a marriage dowry. When it comes to a particular death, a will often improves our ability to learn more, but unfortunately not all our ancestors were prudent enough or well-heeled enough to execute a will. For those who did, many of these documents also went up in flames in the aforementioned Public Records fire.

When it came to marriage, people in the 1700s and 1800s, just as we often do today, tended to marry within their own economic class and also to marry people who already had other connections to them and/or to their family. In our times, these connections may be our place of work or study; in our ancestor’s times it was more likely to involve what your father did and where your family lived. Up until recent times in rural Ireland, next door neighbours often made excellent marriage prospects. Marriages with first cousins were much more frequent than today (after all, our far flung families mean we often have little contact with them). Apparently, the invention of the bicycle was a major advancement in DNA diversity.

Obviously, the mid-1700s were decidedly pre-bicycle days, so it comes as no surprise that John BRADFORD (1705-1789) and Barbara COULTER (1721-1795) – the parents of Margaret BRADFORD, - were not only the great-great-grandparents of Sir Thomas JACKSON, but were actually his great-great-grandparents twice over. How so? Well, their daughter Margaret JACKSON nèe BRADFORD who was Sir Thomas’ great-grandmother on his father’s side had a brother, Thomas BRADFORD who was Sir Thomas’ great-grandfather on his mother’s side. A simple ancestry chart might help clarify:

We know next to nothing about these early BRADFORDs. My long deceased great-aunt, Blin BROWN (1886-1963) left notes telling us: "The Bradford's were Dutch & came to Ireland with Billie Orange. One member of that family was given the freedom of Drogheda City.[5]" Blin was known for some rather zesty accounts of our family history which she sent to her cousin, Mary WRIGHT nèe MENARY of Gilford Castle. For these, I remain eternally grateful. But they are also to be read with caution.

Certainly, there is evidence of BRADFORDs in Holland in the right time frame. One of the more famous ones, William Bradford 1590-1657, sailed on the Mayflower and became the governor of Plymouth [6]. He was part of a community of four hundred people from Britain who had moved to Leiden to lead lives dedicated to their Puritan beliefs [7]. He was from Yorkshire, which given the connection of the town of Bradford [8] to textile industries (and our Irish family’s involvement in the linen industry), may be the place to help us better understand the ancestral roots of Sir Thomas JACKSON.

However, if our BRADFORDs did come over with William of Orange, it would likely have been a few generations after the sailing of the Mayflower (probably in 1690, at the time of the Battle of the Boyne). If a BRADFORD ancestor did serve at the Battle of the Boyne, then he would still be about one generation before our first known BRADFORD from Co. Louth. I am guessing that we are still missing a link or two. Still, the shared connection of our Co. Louth BRADFORDs to a dissenting faith and coming from Holland does make me wonder if there might not also be a familial link to the Mayflower BRADFORDs.

As I was putting this piece together, I came across an email: I am descended from William Bradford, who came to the colonies after fighting for England in the Battle of the Boyne in Ireland in the late 1600s. Family lore says William's brother returned home to England after the battle, but William remained in Ireland for a short time. William came first to Pennsylvania, but then resettled in Orange Co., NC. He had at least 4 sons (or grandsons) who each married Hamiltons. One of these sons/grandsons was David Bradford, whose family later moved to western Tennessee (Lauderdale/Haywood Co. area). No reply so far. Naturally, I have written to see if I can learn more - No reply so far.[9]

One of life’s ironies is that the BRADFORDs of Holland likely chose Ireland for a number of reasons: it was a place to start over when times were tough in Holland; a place where English was more likely to be spoken; also where they could practice their faith with a degree of religious freedom; and at the same time it was a place that seemed to have economic potential (thanks to a likely head start with a land grant for military service). Regrettably, three hundred years later, life for the BRADFORDs in Co. Louth seems not have matched their hopes. Bit by bit they left to live elsewhere. Today, there are no BRADFORDS included in the Irish telephone directory in Co. Louth.

A little over a century and a half ago, in 1849, there was a nine page list made of names of the victims and perpetrators of agrarian unrest. It reads like a “Who’s Who” of the extended BRADFORD-COULTER clan, mostly on the victim side[10]. Since the purpose of the list was to inform the British Parliament of the state of agrarian unrest, I would suspect class-based biases might have affected whose outrages were recorded and whose remained invisible (for example, the losses of the landless and impoverished). Although there are landlords included as victims on this list, most of the victims seem to have been tenant farmers with long-term leases.

It was not that our ancestors, who were mostly these lease-holding tenant farmers, were powerless in the mid-1800s (after all, they frequently occupied various legal and/or political offices such as juries and the Poor Law Board), but many of them were caught in a kind of “pig in the middle” game. The recent famine had been catastrophic, especially for those tenants who sub-let from the lease-holding farmers, and many of these tenants had no ability to pay even a portion of their rents. At the same time the leaseholders still had to remit rents to their landlords. Many of them teetered on the edge of losing all and some could only keep afloat because of the remittances from relatives who had emigrated to more prosperous lands. Those with both luck and prudence did survive, but not everyone was so blessed to have enough of either.

Not surprisingly, the anger and powerlessness of this time often turned into episodes of violence and some of this violence was directed towards some of the BRADFORDs. It seems that they had considerable wealth (at least relative to their neighbours), and yet it also seems that their political sympathies were with the tenant side of the ledger sheet. Obviously, I still have much to learn as this mix of circumstances perplexes me. A few examples:

· It was recorded in the Return of Murders, Waylayings, Assaults … that in January and February of 1851 and in March 1852, a Thomas BRADFORD[11]received threatening notices. His townland is not given, but the locale where the complaint was lodged was Dundalk.

· He was also probably the same Thomas BRADFORD of “Cairnbeg” who chaired a Tenants Rights meeting that attracted some 12,000 to 15,000 enthusiastic supporters[12].

· Finally, he was also probably the same elderly Thomas BRADFORD who was assaulted at a political rally in 1865 and later had his lambs maliciously slaughtered [13]. It is possible that his wealth and his support of the Conservative candidate were part of the reasons why he was targeted.

· At his death in 1872, this Thomas BRADFORD’s assets were valued at £9000 [14]. If he had been financially under siege at the time of the famine, he had died as a farmer of some substance. That being so, how his Conservative support squared with his earlier support for Tenant Rights, I can’t say, but he wouldn’t have been alone in this shift in allegiances.

A snippet of family tree shows where I suspect that this Thomas BRADFORD fits in (I have highlighted his name as well as the names of two of Sir Thomas JACKSON’s grandfathers:

.. 2 Samuel Bradford b: Abt. 1739 in Likely Cavananore, Co. Louth d: 27 Feb 1818

.......... +Margaret Wallace b: 1811 m: 1835 in Clonaleenan d: 04 Jul 1885 in Clarendon Street, Londonderry

.......... +Alexander Parker b: in of Dundalk m: 24 Jan 1834 in Carnbeg Lodge, Co. Louth

...... +Elizabeth Breakey b: 03 Mar 1758 m: 27 Aug 1781 d: 1844 in Cavananore, C. Louth

.......... +Thomas McCullagh b: Abt. 1786 in of Derryvalley, Co. Monaghan d: 17 Jul 1849 in Derryvalley, Co. Monaghan

...... 3 Elizabeth Bradford b: 1785 in Probably Cavananore d: 12 Jul 1825 in Probably Killynure

.......... +Benjamin Oliver b: Abt. 1765 in of Ennislare - possibly after birth m: Abt. 1806 d: 01 Jul 1831 in Killynure, Co. Armagh

.......... +Elizabeth McCullagh b: 1788 m: 1811 d: 12 Mar 1880 in Urker Lodge, Crossmaglen, Co. Armagh

In the family tree above, I have highlighted his name in turquoise. Andrew Coulter BRADFORD (1788-1847) of Cavananore was the only son of Thomas BRADFORD [15] & Elizabeth BREAKEY and was also a great-uncle to Sir Thomas JACKSON (his grandmother Elizabeth BRADFORD was Andrew’s sister). In 1832 he lived at Cavananore and had a freehold at Mybane AKA Moybane, Parish of Creggan valued at £50.00 (although his name does not show up in the 1828 Tithe Appointment Books). He died unmarried, which is likely part of the economic reason that the JACKSONs became involved in the estate of Cavananore [16]. His will of 1847 [17] was contested by his sister, Barbara DONALDSON nèe BRADFORD, of Dublin.

Sorting out all the BRADFORDs is like sorting sand from salt – tedious and probably impossible to fully succeed. Part of the dilemma is that they used a limited range of names for their children. Hence, if a male in this family was not named “Thomas”, then “Samuel” was the next good bet. Wendy Jack has been a godsend at making sense of much of this. After a review of the news clippings and other records of the 1850s, she notes that at first they:

… simply referred to Samuel Bradford, but for those items I found during the period 1866-1870, references to Samuel Bradfords included the terms senior, junior, of Cavananore, or of Carnbeg. At first I thought we were dealing with three Sams: Samuel senior of Cavananore, Samuel junior (whom I thought may have been the son of Sam snr), and Samuel of Carnbeg. Then I realized that the senior and junior terms were not being used in the modern, largely America manner to indicate a father-son relationship, but in a manner I have come across before in Scottish records, to distinguished between the elder and younger of two people of the same name from the same locality.

Samuel Bradford senior of Cavananore - son of Samuel Bradford and Margaret Henry; no birth or death dates known, but probably born around 1795-1805; the last mention I have of him is in the report of a court case on 21 May 1870.

Samuel Bradford junior of Carnbeg - nephew of the above, and son of Thomas Bradford and Margaret Wallace; again, no known birth date but probably born circa 1836-1840; this is the Sam who leased Cavananore from the trustees of the estate of Andrew Coulter Bradford; in one of the news items it says he was the cousin of Andrew, but he was actually a first cousin, once removed, as his father and Andrew were first cousins.

Again, just so we all stay oriented, here is a snippet of family tree with the names of the two Samuel BRADFORDs highlighted:

...... +Margaret Wallace b: 1811 m: 1835 in Clonaleenan d: 04 Jul 1885 in Clarendon Street, Londonderry

.......... +Francis Robinson b: in of Everton, Liverpool m: 22 Sep 1863 in Presbyterian Church, Dundalk

...... 3 Samuel Bradford b: Bet. 1836 - 1840 in Probably Carnbeg d: 28 Jul 1915 in Janeville, Dunleer, Co. Louth [18]

.......... +Sarah Louisa Wilson m: 29 Apr 1885 in Garvary Church of Ireland, Parish of Enniskillen, Co. Fermanagh

............... +Robert Myles [19] m: 24 Apr 1912 in Cooke Centenary Presbyterian Church, Parish of Knockbreda, Belfast

...... 3 Thomas Bradford b: 1844 d: 23 Sep 1899 in 6 Alexandra Terrace, Londonderry

........... 4 Unnamed Ellison b: 23 Dec 1865 in The Manse, Castlebellingham, Co. Louth

...... 3 John Wallace Bradford b: Abt. 1851 d: 02 Jan 1867 in probably Carnbeg, Co. Louth

...... +Alexander Parker b: in of Dundalk m: 24 Jan 1834 in Carnbeg Lodge, Co. Louth

Now, if we take Wendy Jack’s suggestion as a starting point, thatSamuel Bradford senior of Cavananore is the son of Samuel Bradford and Margaret Henry and that Samuel Bradford junior of Carnbeg is the son of Thomas Bradford and Margaret Wallace, then here’s how the various bits of information start to sort themselves out [20]:

Samuel Bradford senior of Cavananore son of Samuel Bradford and Margaret Henry:

Samuel Bradford junior of Carnbeg the son of Thomas Bradford and Margaret Wallace:

It seems that there were considerable disparities in fortunes amongst the Co. Louth BRADFORD families of the 1700s and 1800s. Knowing how success and failure play out in families, this should come as no surprise. Some pups fight to the top of the pile, some retreat. Some are treated well, some badly. Some have luck, others don’t.

It is also possible that some of the BRADFORDs, who were singled out for threatening notices and such, were targeted for reasons other than land based grievances. For example, several of the Dundalk BRADFORDs appear in the records as pawnbrokers (which part of the BRADFORD tree they fit into, I have yet to unpuzzle)[51]:

I don’t know if he was one of the pawnbrokers or a farmer like so many of the other Samuel BRADFORDs, but there is another Samuel BRADFORD who died June 16, 1838. From the probate of his will and a few other bits, I have been able to put together a tentative family tree. SEE: Posted probate on my web site. I suspect that this line of BRADFORDs are connected to the tree of BRADFORDs posted above. It is also possible that the first known ancestors in each of these two BRADFORD trees were brothers.

............ +William McCullagh b: 1805 in of Dundalk m: 06 Nov 1832 in Co. Louth d: 22 Sep 1864

................... 3 William Henry McCullagh b: Abt. 1844 d: 09 Mar 1871 of Mount Riley, County Louth

................... 3 William Jocelyn Bradford b: Abt. 1827 d: 14 Aug 1869 in Killowen

........ 2 William BRADFORD d. 21 Apr 184, Late of Lochanmore, County Louth. He died a bachelor with effects under £1,500.

Thanks to Brendan Hall, we have available the transcriptions of1822 registered freeholders [54] and two BRADFORDs are mentioned.

In terms of ruling Alexander BRADFORD either in or out of familial connection with Sir Thomas JACKSON, I can’t yet say.

I am by no means finished, but this represents the sum total of both my knowledge and my ignorance. I look forward to hearing from others and receiving the benefit of correction (my email link is at the top right hand side of the page).

[1] Sir Thomas JACKSON’s great- grandmother, Margaret JACKSON nèe BRADFORD (1739-1820) was born at Cavananore, Co. Louth and married David JACKSON some time before 1780.

[2] Amy LLOYD’s recollections: Margaret Bradford, a violent tempered red- haired woman, who, disgusted at the money being spent to get back the Mt. Leinster property, burnt all the Title Deeds.

[3] Conversation with Eilie RYDER & Thomas JACKSON May 2007.

[4] PRONI Freeholder records are posted on my web site.

[5] Handwritten undated notes. I suspect pre-1940.

[6] SOURCE: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Bradfd1590.html William Bradford 1590-1657, governor of Plymouth Colony, b. Austerfield, Yorkshire, England. As a young man he joined the separatist congregation at Scrooby and in 1609 emigrated with others to Holland, where, at Leiden, he acquired a wide acquaintance with theological literature. For hisancestors see: http://homepages.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~decann/genealogy/bradford-dwb/

[7] Mayflower. Nathaniel Philbrick. Penguin Books. 2006.

[8] ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BRITAIN City in West Yorkshire which from the Middle Ages was an important centre for the woollen and textile trades, though the rapid growth of the town dates only from the 19C (one of the first steam-powered mills was installed here in 1798).

[9] Incidentally, it is interesting how much things stay the same for so long in the minds of some and the same fervour fuelled old hates. In 1984, Ian Paisly preached a sermon that included: That is why they attacked the Rev. Robert Bradford and brutally murdered him, because they saw him as part of the Protestant Ascendancy. The Battle of the Boyne - Why it must be fought again today A Sermon preached by Dr. Paisley in Martyrs Memorial Free Presbyterian Church on July 8th 1984 NOTE: Rev. Robert BRADFORD was a Unionist MP and an ardent Orangeman who was murdered for sectarian reasons.

[10] EPPI “A RETURN of the number of Murders, Waylayings, Assaults, Threatening Notices, Incendiary Fires, or other Crimes of an Agrarian Character, reported by the Constabulary within the Counties of Louth, Armagh, and Monaghan, since the 1^st day of January 1849; distinguishing by Name the Persons Murdered and Waylaid; also stating the Numbers Arrested for each Offense; whether Informations have been Sworn in the Case, and the Result of any Trial of the same”

[11] Thomas BRADFORD. I cannot conclusively prove this, but I suspect that this was the Thomas BRADFORD (1797-1872) of Carnbeg who was alsoprobably the same Thomas BRADFORD who married Margaret WALLACE, had twelve known living children andwas a 1^st cousin twice removed of Sir Thomas JACKSON (which means he was in the same generation as Thomas’ grandparents).

[12] 1850 July 5 Anglo Celt

[13] Belfast Newsletter July 20, 1865 & September 12, 1865. The unfortunate gentleman, whose only crime was that he was a staunch supporter of the Conservative candidate, was abused in a frightful manner, and at present lies in a very precarious condition.

[14] Freeman’s Journal and Daily Commercial Advertiser. May 2, 1872.

[15] Thomas BRADFORD was also the twin brother of Samuel BRADFORD who married Margaret HENRY.

[16] SEE: http://www.thesilverbowl.com/documents/TABLES/COULTER-BRADFORD-Cavananore.html for a timeline of Cavananore & BRADFORD/COULTER involvements.

[17]SEE: http://www.thesilverbowl.com/documents/1847_will_AC_Bradford.htm

[18] Thanks to Pete Shermerhorn, I now know that Janeville is located in the townland of Knockdinnin, just 2 miles
west of Dunleer. He also passed on: The Buildings of Ireland website has a nice article on the house, with some history, detailed description and photo. And, with the coordinates given, you can locate the building exactly on Discovery Map 36.

SEE: http://www.buildingsofireland.ie/niah/search.jsp?type=record&county=LH&regno=13901829

Interestingly, in the Clergy of Armagh there is a reference to Rev. Alexander BRADFORD died May 1822, Tombstone Collon. Early records tie Janeville to Collon.

[19] A Mary Lyons [Coach House, Lees Court, Matfield, Tonbridge, Kent TN12 7JU] (who married 2nd, 16 Oct 1947, Robert Bradford Myles, MC, of Carnbeg, Dundalk, Co Louth.

SOURCE: http://www.rootsandleaves.com/family/Burke's/INGE.html

[20] The BRADFORDs were frequently in the news. In time, I will post more news clippings in their entirety as soon as I can find the time, but for now I hope that a table-synopsis will suffice. See table on web site.

[21] In the PRONI Freeholder records, he has a £20 freehold at Cullyhanna, although he lived at Cavananore.

[22] Belfast Newsletter, April 30, 1870. A case was heard on vote rigging by people opposing his candidacy.

[23] Hugh O’Callaghan. He was from Culloville and married Eliza WALDRON. SOURCE: Freemans Journal February 25, 1830 COLEMAN V Rev Dr On the 22nd inst, by the Very Rev Dr COLEMAN VG, Hugh O'CALLAGHAN of Culloville, co Armagh Esq to Eliza eldest daughter of Thomas WALDRON Esq of Inn's Quay. He shows up in the 1828 Tithe Appointment books in the townland of Monagilla and Glassdrumaghy near Culloville, but is not there at the time of Griffiths. John Donaldson in "Account of the Barony of Upper Pews" (1838) mentions: The village consists of only a few detached houses, among which is a house belonging to Hugh O'Callaghan, Esq., who now lives somewhere contiguous to Dublin, but keeps this house and farm in his own hands.

[24] The Belfast News-Letter (Belfast, Ireland), Tuesday, January 9, 1872; Issue 55221 BRADFORD - Jan. 8, at his residence, Carnbeg, near Dundalk, Thomas Bradford, Esq., aged 72 years.

[25] Belfast Newsletter, March 10, 1879.

· Lot 4 - Part of the lands of Ballynahattan, containing 101a. 0r. 21p. statute measure, and producing a net annual rental of £65 6s. Tenement valuation, £103. Sold to Mr. Samuel Bradford for £1,560.

· Lot 6 - Part of the lands of Sportsman's Hall, Balriggan, and Moorland, containing 127a. 0r. 27p. statute measure, and producing a net annual rental of £256 13s. 1d. Tenement valuation, £177 15s. Sold to Mr. Samuel Bradford for £6000.

[26] Belfast Newsletter, November 4, 1874.

[27] Belfast Newsletter December 17, 1879

[28] Belfast Newsletter December 17, 1879

[29] Belfast Newsletter March 27, 1879.

[30] Belfast Newsletter December 17, 1879 Mr. Maxwell had been put up as a protest against the course pursued by Mr. Bradford in the matter of the increase of salary, and he went into a narrative extending over many years respecting the plaintiff's conduct, especially in reference to his alleged desertion of the Conservative party and his support of Mr. Chichester Fortescue as candidate for the representation of the county, and Mr. Bradford's conduct in taking the chair at a meeting to protest against an eviction a a place called Dromen, near Dundalk. It had been the habit occasionally for military races to take place over a course known as Dowdall's Hill, the property of Mr. Bradford; but the officers of the Scots Grays this year determined, for reasons known to themselves, to change their proceedings to the Maze. On the 5th April Mr. Carleton wrote an article, in which he charged Mr. Bradford with being churlish in demanding, in addition to the cost of putting the course into order, a sum of £50, and alleged that this illiberality had resulted in depriving the people of Dundalk of the sporting to which they had been accustomed. This was utterly untrue, and its falsity was brought to the notice of the defendant by a letter from Captain Ross, secretary to the Scots Greys regimental race committee, which he published, but appended to it a commentary as follows:- "We regret very much indeed being led into making the statement pointed out by Captain Ross. We had no reason to doubt the bona fides of our informant; and we are glad to find out that, although Mr. Bradford does not meet our approval in political or workhouse affairs, he was not guilty of discourtesy to the officers."

[31] Belfast Newsletter April 1, 1879.

[32] Belfast Newsletter April 15, 1879.

[33] Belfast Newsletter May 20, 1879. Resolved - That having taken into consideration the letter of the Local Government Board of the 10th inst we regret to find they still decline to approve of our resolution of the 14th ult, reducing the salaries of the several officers of this union; we delegate and appoint Mr E Tipping, J P; Mr J F Booth, and Mr S Bradford, to proceed to Dublin and hold an interview with the Local Government Board in the hope that they may, even now see their way to assent to the proposed reduction, and thus obviate the painful necessity of our calling the attention of the House of Commons to the matter and asking them for redress

[34] Belfast Newsletter December 17, 1879

[35] EPPI Enhanced Parliamentary Papers on Ireland 1801 – 1922 http://www.eppi.ac.uk/eppi/digbib/home 1884-85 Vol. 67. 219 “Return of Names of Hundred Largest Ratepayers in each County in Ireland”

[36] Belfast Newsletter February 4, 1880.

[37] Belfast Newsletter February 18, 1880.

[38] Belfast Newsletter March 29, 1881.

[39] Belfast Newsletter September 10, 1881.

[40] This amount in arrears was extinguished by the land commission. EPPI Enhanced Parliamentary Papers on Ireland 1801 – 1922 http://www.eppi.ac.uk/eppi/digbib/home

[41] Edinburgh Medical Journal p1130.

[42] The Medical Times Gazette p. 200

[43] Kelly's Directory 1909

[44] Belfast Newsletter October 14, 1887.

[45] Letter from Eliza Jackson. August 10, 1887. Cousin Sam was not able to pay the May rent this time; he has got to the 20^th inst. to do it. Probably he will take advantage of this new land act, to break his lease and have the land revalued. We have not seen the last of the rascality of Uncle Bradford’s trustees yet. And a letter October 31,1887 Did I tell you that Sam Bradford has put Cavananore into the Land Court, with a view of having the rent reduced? That man has wrought us one annoyance; but he can do nothing more that the Lord permits; and his time will come. Of course the Trustees will make the best defence they can.

[46] Letter from Eliza JACKSON Feb 14 1888.

[47] Letter from Eliza JACKSON May 2 1888. Cousin Sam has paid no rent for two terms. He is said to be greatly embarrassed; and I would not be surprised if he would make an offer to sell Cavananore to you. If he does so, beware of him, for he is a kittle customer, and I would not wish him to be enriched at your expense. He has not left a tree worth cutting on C.nore that he has not cut and sold; like the dishonourable fellow that he is.

[48] Belfast Newsletter November 1, 1889.

[49] 1898 February 5^th Samuel BRADFORD Land Case.

[50] Letter from Eliza JACKSON January 19th 1891. This letter is worth reading in its entirety for its splendid sense of outrage.

[51] EPPI Enhanced Parliamentary Papers on Ireland 1801 – 1922 http://www.eppi.ac.uk/eppi/digbib/home 1837-1838 Vol 17 677 Pawnbrokers in Ireland.

[52] I don’t understand why there were two entries with differing numbers.

[53] The name of “Rose” BRADFORD is interesting. The Griffiths Valuation shows a Rose GILMORE and a Rose COULTER. Also, Eliza JACKSON in her letters to her son Sir Thomas JACKSON kept referring to a “Rose”

[54] "A List of Registered Freeholders of the County of Louth, 1822, Consisting of the Baronies of Ardee, Ferrard, Louth, Upper and Lower Dundalk", printed in Dundalk by James Parks in 1822 and presently in the County Louth Reference Library, Dundalk. Other Freeholder lists are also available there, as well as in the National Library of Ireland in Dublin. SEE: http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~fianna/county/louth/loufree1822.html

Surname

Given Name

Place of
Abode

Situation of
Freehold

Landlords'
Names

Registry Place
Date

Barony

Bradford

Alexander

Collon

Rt. Hon. John Foster

Collon 11/08/1817

Ferrard

Bradford

Andrew

Cavananore

-----

Dundalk

12/04/1820

Upper Dundalk

[55] Journal of the Association for the Preservation of the Memorials of the Dead in Ireland Vol. 4. FHL# 1279252

[56] http://www.ulsterbiography.co.uk/biogsB.htm